Endotoxin- and D-galactosamine-induced liver injury improved by the administration of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and blueberry.Osman N, Adawi D, Ahrné S, Jeppsson B, Molin G.Source
Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.AbstractBACKGROUND: D-galactosamine
together with lipopolysaccharide can lead to a pronounced secretion by
Kupffer cells of pro-inflammatory mediators, which have been shown to be
early and important mediators of liver injury. Probiotics and dietary
supplementation with fruit or vegetable extracts with high content of
antioxidants, such as blueberry, could be beneficial in protecting
against hepatotoxicity.AIMS: To investigate whether blueberry and probiotics could attenuate liver injury induced by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide.SUBJECTS: Sprague-Dawley rats were used.METHODS: Six
experimental groups: acute liver injury control and five groups of
liver injury treated by blueberry alone or by each of the probiotics
strains (Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 15313 and Bifidobacterium infantis
DSM 15159) with and without blueberry. Samples were collected 24 h after
induction for bacterial test, liver function test, short chain fatty
acids, myeloperoxidase, cytokines, malondialdehyde and glutathione.RESULTS: Alanine
aminotransferase levels decreased significantly in all groups compared
to liver injury control and DSM 15313 groups. Bilirubin, liver
TNF-alpha, myeloperoxidase and acetic acid in cecum content decreased
significantly in all groups, while liver glutathione values increased
significantly in all groups compared to liver injury control. Liver
IL-1beta and bacterial translocation to the liver and mesenteric lymph
nodes decreased significantly in all groups except B. infantis DSM 15159
group compared to the liver injury control. Enterobacteriaceae count in
cecum decreased significantly in the groups with blueberry plus
probiotics compared to the other groups.CONCLUSION: Blueberry
and probiotics exert protective effects on acute liver injury. They
reduce the hepatocytes injury, the inflammation and the pro-inflammatory
cytokines, and improve the barrier functions and antioxidant activity.